Satellite-based Estimates of Canopy Photosynthetic Parameters for an Alpine Meadow in Northern     

NIU Ben  HE Yongtao  ZHANG Xianzhou  SHI Peili  DU Mingyuan 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2020,11(3):253-262

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不锈钢纤维网对热压铁基预合金胎体抗冲击韧性的影响          下载免费PDF全文

孙吉伟  吴海霞  沈立娜  杨甘生 《探矿工程》2020,47(2):73-77

针对孕镶金刚石钻头在孔底钻进时受到各种冲击力而导致胎体出现裂纹甚至断裂的问题，提出了应用不锈钢纤维网提高胎体抗冲击韧性的方法。通过控制纤维网的摆放位置、目数和层数3个变量，测试了不同组合变量下的胎体抗冲击韧性。通过试验得到：（1）不锈钢纤维网能有效提高胎体的抗冲击韧性，而且X轴位置效果更好；（2）当纤维网的目数相同时，胎体抗冲击韧性随纤维网层数的增加而减小；（3）在纤维网层数相同的情况下，随着纤维网目数的增加，胎体抗冲击韧性呈现先增大后减小的趋势。当添加30目单层纤维网时，胎体的抗冲击韧性达到最大值。通过观察冲击断口、分析胎体断裂机理，解释了出现这种规律的原因，并提出了进一步优化胎体抗冲击韧性的方法。  相似文献   

甘肃陇中黄土高原农业灌溉耗水系数监测试验研究     

凡炳文  仲复捷 《地下水》2020,(1):83-87,254

选择甘肃省临洮县洮惠渠灌区为试验研究区,通过直接观读、自动监测等技术手段,获取试验灌区的引水量、退水量、土壤墒情、降水量及蒸发量等水文基础数据。以水文监测基础数据为依据,采用引排差法、水分平衡法等相结合的方法,开展了农业灌溉耗水系数试验研究。初步试验结果表明:试验灌区灌溉期平均耗水系数为0. 730,典型地块灌溉期平均耗水系数为0. 671,2016年试验灌区降水量较常年偏少13. 0%~26. 3%,总体上属轻度干旱年份。该研究成果可为甘肃陇中黄土高原区水资源管理提供技术支撑。  相似文献   

裂缝、裂隙介质衰减频散研究          下载免费PDF全文

张繁昌  路亚威  桑凯恒  黄建平 《地球物理学报》2019,62(8):3164-3174

为研究裂缝、裂隙介质中波致流引起的衰减,将裂缝看作背景孔隙岩石中非常薄且孔隙度非常高的层状介质,并等价成White周期层状模型.分别考虑不同类型的裂隙和孔隙之间的挤喷流影响,结合改进的Biot方程,推导得到裂缝裂隙介质的刚度与频率的关系.当缝隙中饱含流体时,介质的衰减和速度频散受裂缝、孔隙之间和裂隙、孔隙之间流体流动的显著影响.在低频极限下,裂缝裂隙介质的性质由各向异性Gassmann理论和挤喷流模型获得;而在非常高的频率时,由于缝隙中的压力来不及达到平衡,波致流的影响可忽略.分析表明,裂隙密度主要影响波的衰减,而裂隙纵横比主要控制优势衰减频率和速度显著变化的频率范围;由于不同裂隙的衰减机制不同,衰减和速度频散大小有所差异,但基本趋势相同.  相似文献   

Some remarks on Q-compensated sparse deconvolution without knowing the quality factor Q     

Xintao Chai  Ronghua Peng  Genyang Tang  Wei Chen  Jingnan Li 《Geophysical Prospecting》2019,67(8):2003-2021

The subsurface media are not perfectly elastic, thus anelastic absorption, attenuation and dispersion (aka Q filtering) effects occur during wave propagation, diminishing seismic resolution. Compensating for anelastic effects is imperative for resolution enhancement. Q values are required for most of conventional Q-compensation methods, and the source wavelet is additionally required for some of them. Based on the previous work of non-stationary sparse reflectivity inversion, we evaluate a series of methods for Q-compensation with/without knowing Q and with/without knowing wavelet. We demonstrate that if Q-compensation takes the wavelet into account, it generates better results for the severely attenuated components, benefiting from the sparsity promotion. We then evaluate a two-phase Q-compensation method in the frequency domain to eliminate Q requirement. In phase 1, the observed seismogram is disintegrated into the least number of Q-filtered wavelets chosen from a dictionary by optimizing a basis pursuit denoising problem, where the dictionary is composed of the known wavelet with different propagation times, each filtered with a range of possible values. The elements of the dictionary are weighted by the infinity norm of the corresponding column and further preconditioned to provide wavelets of different values and different propagation times equal probability to entry into the solution space. In phase 2, we derive analytic solutions for estimates of reflectivity and Q and solve an over-determined equation to obtain the final reflectivity series and Q values, where both the amplitude and phase information are utilized to estimate the Q values. The evaluated inversion-based Q estimation method handles the wave-interference effects better than conventional spectral-ratio-based methods. For Q-compensation, we investigate why sparsity promoting does matter. Numerical and field data experiments indicate the feasibility of the evaluated method of Q-compensation without knowing Q but with wavelet given.  相似文献   

Hydrodynamic performance of a T-shaped floating breakwater     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

The comprehensive utilization of floating breakwaters, specially acting as a supporting structure for offshore marine renewable energy explorations, has received more and more attention recently. Based on linear water-wave theory, the hydrodynamic performance of a T-shaped floating breakwater is semi-analytically investigated through the matched eigenfunction expansion method (MEEM). Auxiliary functions, to speed up the convergence and improve the accuracy in the numerical computations, are introduced to represent the singular behavior of fluid field near the lower salient corners of the structure. The effects of the height and installation position of the vertical screen on the reflection and transmission coefficients, dynamic response and wave forces are examined. It is found that the presence of the screen shifts the resonance frequency of RAO for both surge and pitch modes to the low-frequency area, while has no effect on heave mode. The identical added masses, damping and transmission coefficients can be obtained in the cases where the screen holds the same distance away from the longitudinal central axis of the upper box-type structure. Moreover, a relatively small pitch response can be achieved in a wide wave–frequency range, when the breakwater is Γ-shaped.  相似文献   

基于改进的向后-向前选择法粗差定位与估值算法     

柴双武  杨晓琴 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(5):538-543

对传统的向后-向前选择法粗差定位方法进行改进，即在原有基础上加入对平差模型的整体检验，计算统计量的相关系数，通过对偏相关系数的检验来定位统计量相关的粗差观测值。通过模拟粗差算例证明，该算法能够准确定位多维粗差，有效改善粗差定位转移的现象，且粗差估值结果比较可靠。  相似文献   

Modelling of viscoacoustic wave propagation in transversely isotropic media using decoupled fractional Laplacians     

Zhihao Qiao  Chengyu Sun  Jie Tang 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(8):2400-2418

A new wave equation is derived for modelling viscoacoustic wave propagation in transversely isotropic media under acoustic transverse isotropy approximation. The formulas expressed by fractional Laplacian operators can well model the constant-Q (i.e. frequency-independent quality factor) attenuation, anisotropic attenuation, decoupled amplitude loss and velocity dispersion behaviours. The proposed viscoacoustic anisotropic equation can keep consistent velocity and attenuation anisotropy effects with that of qP-wave in the constant-Q viscoelastic anisotropic theory. For numerical simulations, the staggered-grid pseudo-spectral method is implemented to solve the velocity–stress formulation of wave equation in the time domain. The constant fractional-order Laplacian approximation method is used to cope with spatial variable-order fractional Laplacians for efficient modelling in heterogeneous velocity and Q media. Simulation results for a homogeneous model show the decoupling of velocity dispersion and amplitude loss effects of the constant-Q equation, and illustrate the influence of anisotropic attenuation on seismic wavefields. The modelling example of a layered model illustrates the accuracy of the constant fractional-order Laplacian approximation method. Finally, the Hess vertical transversely isotropic model is used to validate the applicability of the formulation and algorithm for heterogeneous media.  相似文献   

大规模群桩基础水平承载力效应系数计算研究          下载免费PDF全文

贾鹏  王兰民  杨燕  刘上春 《地震工程学报》2020,42(5):1202-1207

桩基础在水平荷载或地震作用下的承载力计算一直是工程界的一个研究难点，近年来随着建筑、桥梁桩基础的规模大幅增加，基于小规模、小比例尺群桩基础水平承载力试验得出来的结论和计算方法可能会不适应新的计算要求，相关的认识和计算方法需要重新论证和更新。本文针对大规模群桩基础水平承载力效应系数的计算问题，首先对国内外研究进展进行调研，发现现有的规范计算方法可能会高估群桩基础的水平承载力。针对这些问题，对大规模群桩基础的水平承载力效应系数进行有限元数值计算分析，探讨水平承载力效应系数的规律，给出相应的计算方法，并与规范计算方法结果进行对比。本文的研究结果可为相应的工程设计问题提供依据，结果的适用性需要今后进一步的检验。  相似文献   

2018年2月12日河北永清4.3级地震强震动记录分析     

郭秋娜  温超  周月玲  李姜 《震灾防御技术》2020,15(2):329-338

2018年2月12日河北省廊坊市永清县发生4.3级地震，震中位于廊固凹陷内的河西务断裂附近，国家强震动台网中心获取74组强震动记录，本文对触发台站进行场地分类，结果显示大部分为Ⅰ类场地(51.35%)，其次为Ⅱ类场地(35.14%)和Ⅲ类场地(13.51%)。根据5个典型台站加速度时程记录及反应谱分析本次地震强震动特征，并对各台站峰值加速度反应谱与方位角和震中距的关系进行分析。采用克里格插值方法绘制地震仪器烈度分布图，由于台站分布不均，导致极震区附近烈度影响场计算缺值现象，本文通过拟合本次地震强震动记录得到该地区地震动衰减关系，在空白区域建立空间随机假设台站进行补点插值，解决了计算缺值问题，为缺少台站记录的震区提供准确快速制作烈度分布图的思路，为震害调查和地震应急救援提供重要依据。  相似文献